Frequently Asked Questions

The maximum length of an AC cable (from the controller to the field solenoids) depends on several parameters:

1. Type of cable (multi-threaded or single hard line)
2. The cable diameter
3. The voltage of the solenoid
4. The power consumption of the solenoid
5. The plunger (inner part of the solenoid) condition — dirt & rust prevent smooth operation and require more power
6. Number of solenoids operated simultaneously on the same line
7. Cable isolation condition (bad isolation causes leakage & power loss)

Table 1 — voltage drop as a function of cable length (mV drop numbers shown for common solenoids):

Solenoid	300m 2×0.75mm² (18 AWG)	100m 2×0.5mm² (20 AWG)	100m 2×2.0mm² (14 AWG)
Bermad 2.2 W	1.60	0.80	0.40
Bermad 3.3 W	2.50	1.25	0.63
Baccara 5.5 W	3.70	1.85	0.93
Baccara 8 W	4.50	2.25	1.13
Galsol (ECI)	3.60	1.80	0.90
Aquanet (Netafim)	1.00	0.50	0.25

Values are the voltage drop (V) across the cable; source — original Sadot technical table. Always confirm with a site measurement.

The classic question. To answer correctly, several questions must be asked:

1. Is there a constant, stable electricity supply on site?
2. Are there topographical difficulties — significantly higher/lower valves relative to the controller?
3. What are the distances from controller to valves?
4. What is the water quality — will hydraulic components clog frequently?
5. What is the system cost? Basically, AC systems are cheaper.

In conclusion, there is no absolute answer — the overall system reliability and long-term maintenance must be weighed.

A pulse is a digital / dry contact generated by the meter; the meter closes the contact once per full circle. Common values:

• Water meters: 0.001 / 0.01 / 0.1 / 1.0 / 10.0 cubic metre per pulse
• Fertilizer meters: 0.05 / 0.1 / 0.25 / 1.0 / 10.0 litre per pulse

When selecting the right pulse, consider:

1. Flow rate — too-slow pulses prevent effective flow control (leakage, bursts, blockage detection)
2. Controller capabilities — a very high pulse rate can cause omission of several pulses